Predictors of Stent Thrombosis and Their Outcomes After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
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Abstract
Background: Stent thrombosis (ST) is a significant complication of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), a widely performed procedure for managing coronary artery disease (CAD). While PCI, particularly with the use of coronary stents, has substantially improved patient outcomes and reduced the need for coronary artery bypass grafting, ST remains a potentially fatal complication associated with high morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to identify the predictors of ST and evaluate its outcomes in patients undergoing PCI at the Peshawar Institute of Cardiology (PIC).
Methodology: This retrospective study analysed data from 153 patients who underwent PCI at PIC between December 2020 and September 2024. Data were extracted from the hospital's electronic medical records system, with a focus on demographic, clinical, procedural, and outcome variables and Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 26.0
Results: Key predictors of ST included patient-related factors such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, their presentation as ACS, procedural factors like stent under-sizing and under-expansion, and issues related to non-adherence to dual antiplatelet therapy. The majority of ST cases occurred in the subacute phase (70.6%), followed by acute thrombosis (20.9%) and late thrombosis (8.5%).
Conclusion: Our findings emphasize the critical importance of optimal stent deployment, strict adherence to dual antiplatelet therapy, and the management of comorbidities in reducing the risk of ST. Addressing these modifiable risk factors and identifying high-risk patients are essential for improving the prevention and management of stent thrombosis post-PCI.
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