Investigating the Link Between Dietary Vitamins and Lung Cancer: The Influence of Folic Acid, Cobalamin, and Female Sex Hormones Analysis of Nutritional and Hormonal Interactions in Lung Tissue: A Histomorphological Perspective
Main Article Content
Abstract
Objective:
The objective of this study was to investigate how the supplemental use of Folic Acid and Cobalamin impacts the histomorphology of the lung tissue of female Sprague Dawley rats.
Methodology:
A 4-week laboratory-based experimental control trial was conducted at the Department of Anatomy, CMH Multan Institute of Medical Sciences Pakistan, after getting approval from the Institutional Review Board and Ethical Committee. The study, conducted from September 2019 to March 2021, involved 120 female Sprague-Dawley rats, divided into four groups of 30. Group A received distilled water, Group B1 received folic acid (0.2 mg/kg), Group B2 received cobalamin (45µg/kg), and Group B3 received both folic acid and cobalamin. Treatments were administered orally for 28 days, followed by euthanasia, tissue preparation, and H&E staining for microscopic analysis. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 26.
Results:
In this abstraction, control group A exhibited normal lung histology, while experimental groups B1 (Folic Acid) and B2 (Cobalamin) showed significant histopathological alterations, thickening of the interalveolar septa and proliferation of fibroblasts caused by invasion of macrophages and lymphocytes. The B3 group (Folic Acid + Cobalamin) demonstrated milder changes. Ashcroft scoring revealed a statistically significant difference among groups (p = 0.000). Serum estradiol levels were normal in groups A and B1, but significantly elevated in groups B2 and B3 (p = 0.000).
Conclusion:
Cobalamin, either alone or in combination with folic acid, induces significant histopathological lung changes or elevates serum estradiol levels.
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