@article{Wazir_Younas_Beg_Asma Chawdry_Sadiq_2017, title={PULMONARY ARTERY VARIANTS AND ASSOCIATED CARDIAC DEFECTS IN TETRALOGY OF FALLOT}, volume={31}, url={https://www.jpmi.org.pk/index.php/jpmi/article/view/2114}, abstractNote={<p>Objective: To see the frequency of pulmonary artery abnormalities and other<br />associated cardiac anomalies in patients of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF).<br />Methodology: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. All patients of TOF<br />who underwent angiographic study for the diagnosis of pulmonary artery malformations<br />and other associated cardiac defects from January 2014 to June<br />2016 were selected for this study. MS Excel 2013 software was used for data<br />compilation and analysis. Percentages and mean±SD were used to present<br />qualitative and quantitative variables respectively.<br />Results: Out of 209 patients, 142 (67.9%) were male and 67 (32.1%) female.<br />Mean age of the patients at the time of presentation was 7.65 ±5.84 years.<br />Left pulmonary artery stenosis was the most common abnormality present in<br />27 (12.9%) patients, main pulmonary artery hypoplasia in 19 (9.1%), and right<br />pulmonary artery hypoplasia in 6 (2.9%) patients. Absent pulmonary valve syndrome<br />along with TOF was diagnosed in 2 (0.95%) patients. Associated cardiac<br />defects were present in 82 (39.2%) patients, right aortic arch was the most common lesion presented in 36 (17.2%) patients, major aorto-pulmonary collaterals in 15 (7.2%), bilateral superior vena cava (SVC) in 10 (4.8%) and patent ductus arteriosus in 6 (2.9%) patients. Coronary artery abnormalities were diagnosed in 6 (2.9%) patients. Additional VSD was diagnosed in 4 (1.9%) patients and double aortic arch in 1(0.47%) patients. There was one patient with complete<br />absence of IVC with azygous continuation.</p><p>Conclusion: Left pulmonary artery origin stenosis and main pulmonary artery<br />hypoplasia were most common pulmonary artery abnormalities. Right aortic<br />arch and major aorto-pulmonary collaterals were most common associated<br />cardiac abnormalities in TOF patients.</p>}, number={4}, journal={Journal of Postgraduate Medical Institute}, author={Wazir, Abdul Salam and Younas, Muhammad and Beg, Ahsan and Asma Chawdry, Touseef and Sadiq, Nadeem}, year={2017}, month={Dec.} }